Brazil

Business cards are exchanged in Brazil, typically at the beginning of a meeting. It's polite to have one side of your card translated into Portuguese. Present your card clearly. There's no strict ritual for receiving; simply accept it politely. Include your academic titles or professional qualifications, as these are respected.

A firm handshake is the standard business greeting for men. For women greeting men, a handshake is also common. Women greeting women often exchange a kiss on each cheek (from right to left), but follow their lead. Brazilians are generally tactile; light touches on the arm or back during conversation are common. Use titles like 'Senhor' (Mr.) or 'Senhora' (Ms./Mrs.) with surnames until invited to use first names.

Brazilian business attire is generally formal and stylish, especially in larger cities like São Paulo. Men wear well-tailored suits, and women typically opt for elegant suits, dresses, or skirt ensembles. Pay attention to grooming and presentation. While some regions or industries might be more relaxed, it's safer to err on the side of formality.

Brazilian meetings often begin with social conversation. Punctuality is appreciated, but meetings may not start exactly on time. Discussions can be lively and passionate, with frequent interruptions not seen as rude. Personal relationships are paramount in negotiations; trust is built over time. Decisions may take longer than expected, requiring patience and multiple follow-ups.

Business meals are important for building relationships. Table manners are generally European. Keep both hands visible on the table. Brazilians enjoy long meals and engaging conversations. Tipping is usually around 10%, often included in the bill. Don't start eating until the host begins. Be aware that feijoada (a traditional dish) is typically served on Wednesdays and Saturdays and is very heavy.

Appropriate topics: Football (soccer), family (general terms), Brazilian culture, music, travel, food, positive aspects of Brazil.
Topics to avoid: Politics (especially recent), religion, poverty, deforestation, comparing Brazil negatively to other countries, criticizing football.

Gifts are not usually exchanged at the first meeting. If you wish to give one after a relationship is established, high-quality items from your country (e.g., a good book, local crafts, high-end spirits) are suitable. Gifts for the home are common if invited to a dinner party. Avoid purple or black items, which are associated with mourning.

While some Brazilian business professionals, especially in larger cities, speak English, making an effort to use basic Portuguese phrases (greetings, 'thank you', 'please') will be highly appreciated. It shows respect for their culture and can significantly help in building rapport, even if most business discussions are in English.