India

Business cards are commonly exchanged in India, typically at the beginning of a meeting. Present your card with your right hand (or both hands), ensuring the text is readable by the recipient. Take a moment to examine the received card. Titles and academic qualifications are respected, so include them if applicable.

The most common business greeting is a handshake, usually among men. When greeting women, wait for them to extend their hand first; otherwise, a slight nod or 'Namaste' (palms pressed together, fingers up) is appropriate. Avoid hugging or kissing in initial business contexts. Maintain polite eye contact, but avoid staring. Respect personal space.

Indian business attire is generally conservative and formal. Men typically wear dark suits or smart trousers and shirts. Women should wear modest clothing that covers shoulders and knees; a sari or salwar kameez is also acceptable for women. Avoid flashy jewelry or overly casual attire. Neatness and modesty are key.

Indian meetings may begin with informal conversation and tea. Punctuality is appreciated, but meetings may not always start on time. Decisions are often made by the most senior person, but group consensus is also valued. Negotiations can be lengthy and indirect; patience is crucial. Be prepared for a focus on relationships over strict legalities, especially initially.

Business meals are important for relationship building. If eating with hands, always use your right hand. Do not point your feet at anyone. Avoid discussing business until after the meal, unless the host initiates it. Dietary restrictions are very important: many Indians are vegetarian, and beef/pork are often avoided. Always confirm dietary needs in advance. Tipping around 5-10% is customary for good service.

Appropriate topics: Indian culture, history, family (general inquiries), cricket, Bollywood, travel experiences, positive observations about India.
Topics to avoid: Poverty, politics (especially Kashmir), religion (unless you are well-versed and invited to discuss), personal relationships, cows, Pakistan, salaries.

Gifts are appreciated but not always expected. If you bring one, make it a high-quality item from your home country, especially something that can be shared (e.g., gourmet chocolates, local sweets). Avoid leather goods, alcohol (unless you know they consume it), and anything made from pigskin. Give gifts with your right hand.

While bargaining is common in local markets, it's less common in formal business negotiations with established companies. However, flexibility and a willingness to discuss terms are always present. Be prepared for some back-and-forth, but maintain a respectful and professional approach.