Israel

Business cards are commonly exchanged in Israel. It's polite to offer and receive cards. While not highly ritualized, it's good to briefly glance at a received card. Having your card in English is perfectly acceptable. Including your academic titles or professional qualifications is respected.

A firm handshake is the standard business greeting for both men and women. Israelis are generally direct and warm; hugging or a pat on the back might occur with established acquaintances. Use first names more readily than in some other cultures, often quite early in the relationship. Maintain direct eye contact, which is a sign of sincerity.

Israeli business attire is generally smart casual to formal, depending on the industry and specific meeting. In tech or startups, it's often more relaxed. For formal meetings, men typically wear suits or smart trousers and shirts; women wear smart dresses, skirts, or trousers. Modesty is still advised, especially if visiting religious sites.

Israeli meetings are often direct, informal, and can be quite lively. Punctuality is valued, but flexibility is also common. Discussions are open, and direct questioning or debate is a sign of engagement and intelligence, not disrespect. Decisions can be made quickly, as Israelis are often results-oriented. Negotiations tend to be robust and focused on achieving the best outcome.

Business meals are often used for networking and building rapport. Israeli cuisine is diverse and often includes Middle Eastern and Mediterranean influences. Be aware of Kosher dietary laws; if uncertain, ask or stick to vegetarian options. Tipping is customary, around 12-15%, often added to the bill. Meals can be noisy and spirited. Business discussions might occur during or after the meal.

Appropriate topics: Israeli innovation (Start-up Nation), history (ancient), culture, food, family (general terms), travel, technology, positive observations about Israel.
Topics to avoid: Politics (highly sensitive, especially Palestinian conflict, internal politics), religion (unless you are well-versed and it's brought up by them), personal finances, Holocaust (unless sensitively initiated by an Israeli).

Shabbat (Sabbath) is from Friday sundown to Saturday sundown, and it's a day of rest. Most businesses, including shops and public transport, are closed. Avoid scheduling business meetings or calls during this time. Be mindful of Jewish holidays, which also observe similar practices. Respecting these observances is crucial.

Yes, Israelis are known for their direct and candid communication style. This is generally not meant to be rude but rather a sign of efficiency and honesty. Don't be offended by direct questions or blunt statements; it's part of their culture. Reciprocating with directness, while maintaining politeness, is often effective.